In the first decade of the new millennium, Tanzania's domestic product doubled in real terms, making it one of the handful sub-saharan economies that have shown strong and sustained growth in recent years.This growth was moreover, broad based, with manufacturing output growing slightly faster than the economy as a whole. To maintain this rate of growth over the next decade, Tanzania's industrial capabilities will need to advance in a quite substantial way. The foundations for this advance lie in the current capabilities of Tanzania's industrial companies. The purpose of this volume is to set out a detailed description, industry by industry, of those capabilities. Along the way, we explore a series of questions: Where did Tanzania's current industrial capabilities originate? To what extent are Tanzanian firms held back by problems of access to land? Will it be possible to successfully integrate Tanzanian Companies into the supply chains of the oil and gas sector